Women in Agriculture


New Mexico Women in Agriculture: Building Social Capital

Groups around the world have been working for decades to build power among women in agriculture (and in general). 

In Minnesota, the Women’s Foundation holds ongoing listening sessions for women. Their goal is “to better understand the lives of women and girls within communities, identify assets and barriers, and fund solutions.” 

In New Hampshire, the Women’s Foundation engages “communities around current issues that state residents are facing. The purpose of our listening session model is to encourage open and honest discussion around various topics. This enables us to both educate and become educated about the numerous issues, and help to be better agents of change by listening to what people of New Hampshire want from our organization.” 


This notion of listening to community members may sound like a simple exercise in engagement. However, it can be built upon to the benefit of participants in different ways.

These conversations build the social capital of women in agriculture in New Mexico. “Social capital” is a term that has been used to refer to the value of being connected in a network of trust. It has been considered essential for sustainable management and development of natural resources in a sustainable way for decades. 

While the concept of social capital may be new, the actual practice of it is not. As long as there has been agriculture, people have engaged in collective action. The management of acequias in New Mexico is a great example of this. It is embedded in our culture. However, it is rare for support groups and agencies involved in agricultural development to acknowledge the importance of building and supporting social capital. 

  1. Facilitate listening sessions/Conversations
  2. Grow the network by inviting more participants
  3. Train leaders and facilitators
  4. Maintain contact for support
  5. Continue to grow the network

In New Mexico, women farmers constitute 41% of the total producers –a higher than average percentage with 15,014 female producers out of 37,023 total farmers according to the 2022 Census of Agriculture.

A significant portion of these women are principal operators, and while they operate a large number of family farms, they face challenges in accessing resources compared to their male counterparts. Specific counties, such as McKinley County, show a much higher percentage of female-operated farms. 

Key statistics

  • Total Producers: 37,023 in New Mexico
  • Female Producers: 15,014 (41% of the total)
  • Male Producers: 22,009 (59% of the total)
  • Principal Operators: 12,047 (73%) of female producers are the principal operators on their farms
  • Family Farms: Female producers play an important role in New Mexico’s family farms, which make up 95% of all farms in the state
  • Average Age: The average age of a New Mexico farmer is 60.6 years old 

Challenges and trends

  • Resource Disparity: Women farmers often face challenges in accessing resources such as land, capital, and credit compared to men.
  • Gender Division of Labor: Women tend to be more concentrated in certain sectors –for example vegetables, melons, greenhouse, and floriculture production– while men are more represented in large-scale livestock operations and commodity crops.
  • Growing Importance: Despite facing challenges, women farmers are a growing force in New Mexico and vital to the state’s agricultural economy.

Cooperation: To overcome challenges, women farmers tend to cooperate and share knowledge, which is crucial for their success. 

Celebrating Women in Agriculture, Civil Eats, 03/03/2026

Despite challenges, New Mexico’s female farmers put their hands to the plough, Santa Fe New Mexican, 1/10/2026

New award honors two New Mexico women who dedicated lives to agriculture, Santa Fe New Mexican, 1/10/2026

Slow Food Santa Fe Out Loud Interview with Mary Dixon, Green Tractor Farm and Jennifer Fresquez, Monte Vista Organic Farm, July 2023

USDA Ends Consideration of Race and Gender for Grants and Loans, Civil Eats 7/10/2025

Women: The First Farmers, Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 3/12/2025

Recognize the worth of women in agriculture, Santa Fe New Mexican, 5/6/2023

Women Farmers in Northern NM, KSFR, 7/1/2023

Women of the farm at Los Poblanos, Los Poblanos Blog, 5/11/2019

Female Farmers are Coming into Their Own-and Networking is Key to Their Success Civil Eats, 4/16/2019